How GPA works
GPA (Grade Point Average) is the sum of each course's grade points multiplied by its credit hours, divided by the total credit hours. A 4.0 scale is standard in most US universities: A = 4.0, A- = 3.7, B+ = 3.3, B = 3.0, and so on. The weighted average accounts for the fact that some courses carry more credits than others.
GPA = Sum(grade points × credits) ÷ Total credits
How do I calculate GPA?
To calculate GPA, multiply each course's grade points by its credit hours, add the results together, then divide by the total credit hours. Example: A (4.0) in a 3-credit course, B+ (3.3) in another 3-credit course, and A- (3.7) in a 4-credit course give a GPA of (4.0×3 + 3.3×3 + 3.7×4) ÷ 10 = 3.67.
Steps to calculate weighted GPA
- Convert each letter grade to grade points on a 4.0 scale (A = 4.0, A- = 3.7, B+ = 3.3, and so on).
- Multiply each course's grade points by its number of credit hours to get that course's quality points.
- Add up the quality points from every course.
- Add up the total credit hours from every course.
- Divide the total quality points by the total credit hours to get the weighted GPA.
GPA formula
GPA = Sum(grade points × credits) ÷ Total credits
- grade points = the 4.0-scale value for a letter grade (A=4.0, A-=3.7, B+=3.3, B=3.0, B-=2.7, C+=2.3, C=2.0, C-=1.7, D+=1.3, D=1.0, F=0.0)
- credits = the credit hours assigned to that specific course
Quick GPA answers
What do letter grades A and B mean on the GPA scale?
A equals 4.0 grade points and B equals 3.0 on the standard 4.0 scale; A- is 3.7 and B+ is 3.3, in between.
What GPA do grades of A, B+, and A- average to?
With A in a 3-credit course, B+ in another 3-credit course, and A- in a 4-credit course, the weighted GPA is (4.0×3 + 3.3×3 + 3.7×4) ÷ 10 = 3.67.
Is a 3.5 GPA good?
A 3.5 is generally a strong GPA, roughly between A- and B+, but what counts as "good" depends on your university and program, so compare it to your school's own grading distribution.
What GPA do straight A's give?
All A's average to a 4.0 GPA regardless of credit hours, since every course contributes the same 4.0 grade points per credit.
What GPA does a straight-C average give?
C is worth 2.0 grade points, so a straight-C average gives a 2.0 GPA — the minimum many programs require for good academic standing.
How much does a B- affect GPA compared to a B?
B- is worth 2.7 grade points versus 3.0 for a straight B, a 0.3-point difference for every credit hour of that course.
Does a 4-credit course affect GPA more than a 3-credit course?
Yes. A 4-credit course contributes more to the weighted total than a 3-credit course, so a low grade in it pulls the GPA down further.
What GPA do grades of B, C+, and B- average to across 9 equal credits?
B×3, C+×3, and B-×3 credits give (3.0×3 + 2.3×3 + 2.7×3) ÷ 9 = 2.67.
Example GPA calculations
| Courses (grade × credits) | Total credits | GPA |
|---|
| A×3, B+×3, A-×4 | 10 | 3.67 |
| A×12 | 12 | 4.00 |
| B×3, C+×3, B-×3 | 9 | 2.67 |
| A×4, B×2, C×3 | 9 | 3.11 |
| A-×3, B+×3, B×3, C+×3 | 12 | 3.07 |
Frequently asked questions
Why is GPA weighted by credits instead of simply averaged?
A course worth 4 credits represents more work and more of your semester than a course worth 1 credit, so it should influence the average more. Weighting by credit hours reflects that difference; a simple unweighted average would treat every course as equally important regardless of size.
What is the difference between weighted and unweighted GPA?
Weighted GPA (shown here) accounts for credit hours per course. Some high schools also use a separate 'weighted GPA' that adds extra points for honors or AP courses — that is a different concept from credit weighting and not what this calculator computes.
How do plus/minus grades affect GPA?
Plus and minus modifiers shift the grade points by roughly 0.3 up or down from the base letter grade (B+ = 3.3, B- = 2.7 versus B = 3.0). Not all schools use plus/minus grading, so check your institution's scale before comparing GPAs across schools.
Can I calculate a cumulative GPA across multiple semesters?
Yes. Add every course from every semester as separate rows with its own grade and credits; the calculator sums quality points and credits across all rows to compute one cumulative GPA.
This calculator uses a standard 4.0 scale with plus/minus increments; some schools use different scales (5.0, percentage-based, or no plus/minus). Confirm your institution's exact grading scale before submitting a GPA on official documents.